JPEG(1) JPEG(1)
14 June 1993
NAME
jpeg - JPEG compression and decompression
SYNOPSIS
jpeg -iw ImageWidth -ih ImageHeight [-JFIF] [-q(l) Q-Factor]
[-a] [-b] [-d] [-k predictortype] [-n] [-o] [-y] [-z]
[-p PrecisionValue] [-t pointtransform]
[-r ResyncInterval] [-s StreamName]
[[-ci ComponentIndex1] [-fw FrameWidth1] [-fh FrameHeight1]
[-hf HorizontalFrequency1] [-vf VerticalFrequency1]
ComponentFile1]
[[-ci ComponentIndex2] [-fw FrameWidth2] [-fh FrameHeight2]
[-hf HorizontalFrequency2] [-vf VerticalFrequency2]
ComponentFile2]
....
DESCRIPTION
jpeg is a still-image compression/decompression program that performs
JPEG encoding and decoding of multiple raster-scanned files.
OPTIONS
ImageWidth
specifies the width of the original image. This should correspond
to the width of the widest component and, thus, the width of the
``original image''. All components have widths roughly
corresponding to an integer decimation ratio from this
specification.
ImageHeight
specifies the height of the tallest component. This corresponds
to the height of the ``original image''.
-JFIF
specifies that a JFIF header is placed on the encoded stream.
This is unnecessary for decoding.
Q-Factor
option specifies a multiplicative factor for the quantization:
each quantization coefficient of the default matrix is scaled by
(Q-Factor/50). A Q-Factor of 0 is the same thing as a Q-Factor of
50 because it disables this function. -q specifies an 8 bit
quantization matrix; -ql specifies a 16 bit quantization matrix,
useful for 12 bit data.
-a enables the double-precision floating point Reference DCT.
(Default is Chen DCT.)
-b enables the Lee DCT. (Default is Chen DCT.)
-d enables decoding. See below.
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14 June 1993
-k predictortype
The lossless predictor type, specified as an integer between 1-7.
If specified, then lossless mode is used.
-n This option specifies that the files should not be transmitted in
interleaved format.
-o signals that the command interpreter will read from the standard
input.
-p Specifies the precision. Normally should be between 2-16 for
lossless; 8 or 12 for DCT. If it is specified as a number
greater than 8 then the input is considered to be unsigned shorts
(16 bits, msb first). Not aggressively checked.
-t pointtransform
Specifies the shifting (right) upon loading input and shifting
(left) upon writing input. Generally used by the lossless mode
only. Can be used by the DCT mode to add or subtract bits.
-y for decoding only, signals that no resynchronization is enabled,
thus ignore any markers found in the data stream.
-z enables use of default Huffman tables. This converts the coding
from a two-pass system using the first pass to generate custom
tables to a one-pass system using internal default tables. With
this option, the compression speed is nearly doubled, but because
the internal tables are not custom to the image, the compressed
file size increases slightly.
ResyncInterval
specifies a resync (restart) interval for the input file--if set
to 0 (default), resynchronization is disabled; otherwise it
signifies the number of MDU between a resync marker.
StreamName
is the place to load(decoder)/store(encoder) the coded image--if
unspecified it defaults to ComponentFile1.jpg.
For every component in the image we have:
ComponentIndex
describes the component index where the file data should be
associated with. The possible values are between 0 and 255. As
a rule Y is in 1; U is in 2; V is in 3. The file specfications,
if left undisturbed, will result in component location of 1 for
the first component file, 2 for the second component file, and so
on. If -ci is specified for the previous component file, then
the next component index defaults to the previous component index
plus 1.
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JPEG(1) JPEG(1)
14 June 1993
FrameWidth
describes the actual width of the component. This should be
determinable by the size of the original image (ImageHeight and
ImageWidth) and the frequency sampling of that component. This
program assumes that the sampling component will be round up to
the nearest integer and other programs may not necessarily follow
that convention, we allow precise specification of the
FrameWidth. The program will notify the user if the framewidth
and frameheight specifications do not correspond to a logical MDU
pattern and thus will refuse to take the input (in fact,
sometimes rounding down will not result in a logical MDU
pattern).
FrameHeight
describes the actual height of the component. Multiplied together
with FrameWidth, this should equal the file size of the
component. See the above discussion on the actual specification.
Hor-Frequency
specifies the block sampling frequency of the component in the
horizontal direction for every MDU transmitted.
Ver-Frequency
specifies the block sampling frequency of the component in the
vertical direction. When multiplied together with the Horizontal
frequency, it corresponds to the number of blocks of that
component in the MDU.
ComponentFilen
represents the directory path location of the nth component file.
EXAMPLES
In order to encode a set of raster-scanned files: 128x128 in image.Y;
64x128 in image.U; and 64x128 in image.V into the file image.jpg, the
command is
jpeg -iw 128 -ih 128 -hf 2 image.Y image.U image.V -s image.jpg
In order to decode a compressed file in image.jpg, type
jpeg -d -s image.jpg
The three output files will be in image.jpg.1 image.jpg.2 image.jpg.3.
The images can be displayed by the cv program. The images can also be
converted to ppm and back through the programs cyuv2ppm and ppm2cyuv
Those utility programs available by anonymous ftp from
havefun.stanford.edu:pub/cv/CVv1.2.1.tar.Z.
There are many more options within an internal command interpreter.
Please see the accompanying documentation in doc.ps for more details.
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JPEG(1) JPEG(1)
14 June 1993
FTP
jpeg is available by anonymous ftp from
havefun.stanford.edu:pub/jpeg/JPEGv1.2.tar.Z.
BUGS
Somewhat slower than many commercial implementations, some bugs are
probably lurking around. Lossless coding and decoding are especially
slow. Please inform the author at achung@cs.stanford.edu if any bugs
are found.
AUTHOR
Andy Hung
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